Oblivious to its tiny toy stature, the Yorkshire Terrier has the bravery, energy, and confidence that might be expected of a dog several times its size. An intelligent dog, it responds well to obedience training. However, it is inclined to take advantage of owners who let it get away with behaviour that would be unacceptable in a larger dog and can become yappy, snappy, and demanding. With proper handling, this terrier displays its natural character: sweet, affectionate, loyal, and spirited. The Yorkshire Terrier was developed to catch the rats and mice that infested the woollen mills and mine shafts in the north of England. It was gradually miniaturized through breeding from the smallest individuals, and over time became a fashion accessory that was carried around by its lady owner. However, such pampering is at odds with the Yorkshire Terrier’s dynamic nature and it is much happier when allowed to walk for at least half an hour each day. The long, glossy show coat is wrapped around folded papers and secured with elastic bands to protect it outside the show ring. It is very time-consuming to maintain but the dogs generally love the extra attention.

The Breed History 

The Yorkie’s origins trace from Scottish terrier lines in the Victorian era, specifically the Waterside terrier crossed with Paisley, Skye, Clydesdale, and rough coated Black and Tan English terriers. This terrier went to Yorkshire England from Scotland as a companion for immigrating weavers. They were brought to the USA in the late 1800s, and AKC recognition occurred in 1885.

Physical Characteristics

Height at Withers: female 6” (15 cm), male 7” (18 cm) 

Weight: females less than 7 lb (3 kg), males less than 7 lb (3 kg). They average 3-5 lb (1.5-2 kg) 

Coat: The long silky, low-shed straight haircoat is colored the trademark blue and tan. Coats are parted over the topline and the forehead in the middle, or more commonly, the topknot is tied up. The body coat has a dark blue metallic highlight that develops at maturity. Puppies are born black and tan. 

Longevity: 12-15 years. 

Points of Conformation: Yorkies possess a small head, the eyes are prominent, large and dark, the nose is black and button shaped, ears are set high, V-shaped and held pricked up or semi-erect. The muzzle is tapering and trim. The tail is generally docked to one half length, and the compact body has a short, level topline. Dewclaws are usually removed, and nail color is black. They move with agility and straight, medium-length strides.

Recognized Behavior Issues and Traits

Reported breed characteristics include: Though very active, they make a suitable city pet. These little dogs are spunky, loyal and intelligent. They are sometimes aggressive to other animals, and may snap if alarmed or frightened. They should be introduced to children and other pets at an early age. They may prefer older quiet children. They will readily alarm bark. They need plenty of attention. They are low shedders that require regular grooming, and are known not to tolerate temperature extremes well. They are considered of moderate trainability.